Intelligent loading and unloading system for hazardous chemicals based on IoT
基于物联网的危化品智能装卸系统

摘要

本文针对危化品装卸过程中存在的安全管理漏洞、人工操作风险高、系统自动化水平低及信息孤岛等问题，提出了一套基于物联网的危化品智能装卸系统。该系统通过集成智能传感设备、边缘计算、工业以太网、RFID识别、大数据平台等物联网技术，构建了涵盖现场仪表层、控制层、车间管理层及集团信息化层的多层架构，实现了从订单下发、身份验证、装卸控制、状态监控到数据追溯的全流程自动化与无人化作业。系统具备防篡改、安全联锁、远程诊断与多终端数据融合等功能，有效提升了装卸作业的安全性、精确性与管理效率，为危化品物流智能化转型提供了可行方案。

Abstract

To address critical challenges in hazardous chemical handling—including inadequate safety management protocols, elevated risks associated with manual operations, insufficient automation capabilities, and fragmented information ecosystems—this study proposes an IoT-enabled intelligent loading and unloading system with distinct technical innovations. Leveraging a synergistic integration of IoT-centric technologies (e.g., smart sensing modules with real-time hazard detection, edge computing nodes for low-latency data processing, industrial Ethernet for deterministic communication, RFID-based asset identification, and a cloud-native big data analytics platform), the system establishes a hierarchical four-layer architecture: field instrument layer, control execution layer, workshop management layer, and enterprise-level information integration layer. This architecture enables end-to-end automated and unattended operation workflows, encompassing order initiation, multi-factor identity authentication, closed-loop loading/unloading process control, real-time status monitoring (e.g., temperature, pressure, and leakage detection), and full-life-cycle data traceability. Notably, the system incorporates core functional modules such as anti-tampering mechanisms, dual-channel safety interlocking, remote predictive diagnostics, and cross-terminal data fusion—effectively enhancing the safety, precision, and operational efficiency of hazardous chemical handling processes. This research provides a feasible and scalable technical solution for advancing the intelligent transformation of hazardous chemical logistics, with implications for industrial safety compliance and supply chain optimization.