摘要
高比例可再生能源接入对电力系统频率稳定控制提出了严峻挑战。由于风电、光伏等新能源发电具有波动性和不确定性，传统依赖同步机的频率调节机制面临失效风险。本文围绕高比例可再生能源背景下频率稳定控制的关键技术展开分析，重点探讨了系统惯性下降、频率响应能力弱化及控制策略适应性不足等问题，并系统梳理了当前主流的应对措施，包括虚拟惯性控制、快速频率响应技术、多时间尺度协调控制策略等。构建灵活、智能、协同的频率稳定控制体系是提升新型电力系统韧性的关键路径。
关键词： 可再生能源；频率稳定；控制策略；虚拟惯性；多时间尺度
Abstract
The integration of high-proportion renewable energy poses severe challenges to the frequency stability control of power systems. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of new energy generation such as wind power and photovoltaic (PV), the traditional frequency regulation mechanism relying on synchronous machines faces the risk of failure. This paper analyzes the key technologies for frequency stability control in the context of high-proportion renewable energy integration, focusing on issues such as reduced system inertia, weakened frequency response capability, and insufficient adaptability of control strategies. It systematically reviews the current mainstream countermeasures, including virtual inertia control, fast frequency response technology, and multi-time-scale coordinated control strategies. Constructing a flexible, intelligent, and collaborative frequency stability control system is a critical path to enhancing the resilience of new power systems.
Key words： Renewable energy; Frequency stability; Control strategy; Virtual inertia; Multi-time-scale
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