摘要
高压直流输电凭借高效、稳定等优势，成为现代电力传输的关键技术，而换流变压器作为核心设备，其绝缘老化问题严重威胁系统运行安全。深入分析换流变压器绝缘老化，发现热、电、机械应力与环境因素协同作用，致使油纸绝缘系统中纤维素裂解、绝缘油氧化。针对性提出优化运行参数、革新绝缘材料、强化监测维护等防护措施，有效延缓绝缘老化进程，对保障高压直流输电系统可靠运行、提升电力传输效率意义重大。
关键词： 高压直流输电；换流变压器；绝缘老化；老化机制；防护措施
Abstract
High-voltage DC transmission, leveraging its advantages of efficiency and stability, has become a key technology in modern power transmission. As a core component, the insulation aging of converter transformers poses a serious threat to system operational safety. A thorough analysis of transformer insulation aging reveals that thermal, electrical, mechanical stress, and environmental factors work together to cause cellulose cracking and insulating oil oxidation in the paper-insulated system. Targeted measures such as optimizing operating parameters, innovating insulating materials, and enhancing monitoring and maintenance have been proposed to effectively delay the process of insulation aging. These measures are crucial for ensuring the reliable operation of high-voltage DC transmission systems and improving power transmission efficiency.
Key words： HVDC transmission; Converter transformer; Insulation aging; Aging mechanism; Protection measures
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